The errors in the use of l2 result mainly from l1, and the difference between l1 and the l2 is the reason for the occurrence of errors. Interlanguage features of learners of english as a second. Interlanguage fossilization is a phenomenon of second language acquisition sla in which second language learners turn linguistic features that are correct in their first language into permanent errors in the way they speak and write the new language. Written at the inception of the field, this paper delineates a disciplinary scope. Interlingual interference in the english language word order structure of jordanian efl learners. Interlanguage and causes and measures of fossilization.
Rediscovering interlanguage applied linguistics and language. It also refers to the series of languages that have been constructed over. Psycholinguistic processes which shape interlanguage. Selinkers interlanguage theory by erin tillman on prezi. Apr 30, 2014 selinkers 1972 interlanguage proposal lies at the heart of linguistic approaches to adult second language acquisition, especially subsumed under the theory of universal grammar. May 31, 2014 this term was defined by larry selinker in 1972 4. Approaching the language of the second language learner eric. The concept of interlanguage has been highly influential in the study of second language acquisition since it was proposed by selinker 1972 in his seminal. Interlingual interference in the english language word. It reflects learners attempts at constructing a linguistic system that progressively approaches the target system. Interlanguage interlanguage selinker, larry 19720101 00.
It is an individuals distinctive use of language that has been developed by a learner of an l 2. The study of native language influence in second language acquisition has undergone significant changes over the past few decades. Selinkers 1972 interlanguage proposal lies at the heart of linguistic approaches to adult second language acquisition, especially subsumed under the theory of universal grammar. Thats why the transfer of l1 rules can lead to fossilization. Educational psychologists prefer the term transfer in order to directly refer to the use of past knowledge and experience in a new situation. Read full text articles or submit your research for publishing. Features in the interlanguage selinker 1972 of second language l2 learners have been examined with different theoretical orientations and practical.
Larry selinker helped found the field of second language acquisition, suggesting early on selinker, 1972, the robust concepts of interlanguage and fossilization, and conducting one of the first empirical studies in language transfer research. Enduring questions from the interlanguage hypothesis. Psychologically, latent linguistic system of lennberg. Ed062 interlanguage consonant production of thai loei and. Selinker 1972 introduced the term interlanguage to describe the same influences. These two characteristics of an interlanguage result in the systems unique linguistic organization. This is a brief overview of interlanguage for the reader to understand the main points. Introduction interlanguage is a term coined by selinker 1972, which may be generally defined as the features of languages between first language and l2. This entry defines the essential elements of the interlanguage hypothesis as proposed in 1972, including the five psycholinguistic processes selinker hypothesized as possibly influential. Rediscovering interlanguage applied linguistics and language study kindle edition by selinker, larry, rutherford, william e. Selinker interlanguage second language second language. He described in terlanguage as a separate linguistic system based on the observable output which results from a learners attempted production of a. Such a process results in a linguistic system known as interlanguage selinker, 1972, which, to varying degrees, approximates that of the target language tl. Selinker s most wellknown contribution to the field of secondlanguage acquisition is the concept of interlanguage.
He hypothesizes that il is a natural language, systematic throughout its development. Contrastive analysis, error analysis, interlanguage 1. Larry selinker interlanguage 1972 pdf an interlanguage is an idiolect that has been developed by a learner of a second language or interlanguage theory is often credited to larry selinker, who coined the terms interlanguage and fossilization. Jan 12, 2019 interlanguage theory is generally credited to larry selinker, an american professor of applied linguistics, whose article interlanguage. With your download, get the 20 best papers relevant to this one, including 20 top related papers. Interlanguage refers to the language a learner has constructed at a specific point in time, an interlanguage. Apr 30, 2014 this chapter claims that the interlanguage hypothesis is best understood, not as a theory of second language acquisition sla, but as a set of questions that motivate divergent answers and research programs. An interlanguage is an idiolect that has been developed by a learner of a second language or l2 which preserves some features of their first language or l1, and can also overgeneralize some l2 writing and speaking rules. Selinkers most wellknown contribution to the field of secondlanguage acquisition is the concept of interlanguage.
Jul 27, 2019 interlanguage theory is generally credited to larry selinker, an american professor of applied linguistics, whose article interlanguage. The term il was first introduced by selinker in 1972. The notion of interlanguage the term interlanguage was first introduced by selinker 1972, who defined it as a separate linguistic system based on the observable output which results. Few works in the field of second language acquisition sla can endure multiple reads, but selinker s 1972 interlanguage is a clear exception. The relationship between interlanguage, learning and cross. The first public presentation of the ideas leading up to the interlanguage il hypothesis occurred a decade ago at the second international congress of applied linguistics selinker 1969. Definition interlanguage is the type of language produced by second and foreign language learners who are in. Few works in the field of second language acquisition sla can endure multiple reads, but selinkers 1972 interlanguage is a clear exception.
The term interlanguage was first coined and developed in the interlanguage theory published in 1972 under the authorship of larry selinker, a well known sla theorist 3. Jul 15, 2019 such a process results in a linguistic system known as interlanguage selinker, 1972, which, to varying degrees, approximates that of the target language tl. The term interlanguage il was introduced by the american linguist larry selinker 1972 to refer to the sl adult learners grammatical system. Richards 1972 extended the interlanguage concept to immigrant speech, indigenous minority dialects, and local dialects, as weil as pidgin and creole languages. Available formats pdf please select a format to send.
An account of the development of research and thinking in the field of learner language. Selinker 1972 believed that some language rules in the learners il are transferred from hisher l1. Interlanguage fossilization simple english wikipedia, the. Psycholinguistic processes which shape interlanguage english. Readers are encouraged to study more indepth to gain a full appreciation of the history, development, and implementation of this theory as it contains an. Larry selinker proposed the theory of interlanguage in 1972, noting that in a given situation the utterances produced by the learner are different from those native speakers would produce had they attempted to convey the same meaning.
Il is conceived as the product of interaction between two linguistic systems, the nl and. Briere 1968 and selinker 1966 also provided results which supported nemsers basic idea that language transfer does occur, but not in an all or nothing style, typical of theca hypothesis. Interlanguage fossilization is when people learning a second language keep taking rules from their native language and incorrectly applying them to the second language they are learning. Implication of il fossilization in second language acquisition. Definition interlanguage is the type of language produced by second and foreign language learners who are in the process of learning a language. Review of applied linguistics in language teaching, 10. Interlanguage theory is generally credited to larry selinker, an american professor of applied linguistics, whose article interlanguage. Selinkers controversial proposals that all interlanguages fossilize. The interlanguage is an utterance produced by l 2 learners which are different from those produced by native speakers. Interlanguage was the first significant theory which tried to explain l2 acquisition. Corders and selinkers work became the foundation of modern research into secondlanguage acquisition, and interlanguage is accepted as a basic principle of the discipline. Selinker, 1972, interlanguage is metaphorically a halfway house between the first language l1 and the tl, hence inter.
He described in terlanguage as a separate linguistic system based on the observable output which results from a learners attempted production of a tl selinker, 1972. He first introduced interlanguage in his 1972 paper of the same name, which built on pit corders 1967 article the significance of learners errors. Interlanguage is based on the theory that there is a psychological structure that exists in the brain, but is not well developed, and starts working when a person tries to learn a second language. Selinker s interlanguage theory selinker s interlanguage theory proposes that second language learners produce their own selfcontained system that falls somewhere between the l1 and the l2 systems. Fossilization stages of interlanguage development the linguistic system is not a.
Readers are encouraged to study more indepth to gain a full appreciation of the history, development, and implementation of this theory as it contains an extreme amount of complex information. Science and education publishing, publisher of open access journals in the scientific, technical and medical fields. This book, which includes 12 chapters by distinguished researchers in the field of second language acquisition, traces the conceptual history of language transfer from its early role within a contrastive analysis framework to its current position within universal. Selinkers 1972 basic question is whether there is a linguistic system that underlies the output of second language learners. These two characteristics of an interlanguage result. Larry selinker interlanguage 1972 pdf an interlanguage is an idiolect that has been developed by a learner of a second language or interlanguage theory is often credited to larry selinker, skip to content. May 06, 2019 larry selinker interlanguage 1972 pdf admin may 6, 2019 no comments an interlanguage is an idiolect that has been developed by a learner of a second language or interlanguage theory is often credited to larry selinker, who coined the terms interlanguage and fossilization. It was selinker again in 1972 that tried to give a. The l1 is purportedly the source language that provides the initial building materials to be gradually blended with materials taken from the tl.
Ed062 interlanguage consonant production of thai loei and lao. Much research in recent years has directly addressed the what, how, and why of transfer and fossilization, yet these are not unique to adult l2 learners, but can also be found in other bilingual situations. Interlanguage by selinker 1972 free download pdf kupdf. Related questions that continue to stimulate research. They should be encouraged to repeat correct forms, and, by careful selection and grading of material, possible mistakes should be minimised by the course. Draws on wideranging research into contrastive analysis, bilingualism. In 1972, selinker introduced the concept of interlanguage, which built upon pit corders previous work on the nature of language learners errors. Selinkers interlanguage theory selinkers interlanguage theory proposes that second language learners produce their own selfcontained system that falls somewhere between the l1 and the l2 systems. On the variability of interlanguage semantic scholar.
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